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Contrary to popular opinion, affirmative action does not only function for the benefit of blacks, but other minorities and women. Affiramtive action is a policy born in the civil rights era about three decades ago. Currently, affirmative action has been in the ....

Middle of Essay
.... concerning 28 of the local Sheet Metal Workers' International Assoc. The association had been discriminating against black workers. They adopted discriminating admission criteria, restricted the size of memebership and organized shops with very few minority workers. In reaction to this, the Supreme Court backed an order ruling that the associaton required a 29% minority membership goal. Without an actual court ruling, blacks would still be fighting for a fair chance at "white-dominated" positions. Women, as well as other minorities (notably hispanics), also benefit from affirmative action. In 1979, women represented on 4% of the entry-level off ....