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is when a person is in a melancholy state. In the Encyclopedia Americana is defined as a normal response to a sense of loss, “but when the is unrelated to any actual event or is grossly excessive in portion to its apparent cause, then it reflects some form o ....

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.... mentale ou la manie in 1801 (Murphy 127). This documentation caused extensive research on mental illness for the next fifty years. During that time large numbers of asylums for the mentally ill were established, and the search was on to understand and treat mental illnesses (Macpherson 368). Through the 1900’s the treatment of was developed with electroconvulsive therapy, antidepressant drugs, and different psychological support therapies. Electroconvulsive therapy was introduced in about 1937 and was the first effective treatment for . Electroconvulsive therapy is very effective and is still used today, but because of its harmful side e ....