Beginning of Essay
We ought then regard the present state of the universe as the effect of its previous state and the cause of the one which is to follow. An intelligence knowing at a given instant of time all the forces operating in nature, as well as the position at that instant ....

Middle of Essay
.... not plausible, I shall do this by giving reasons for determining how determinism is false, give arguments for determinism, and then refute those arguments. There are those who think that our behavior is a result of free choice, but there are others who presume “we are servants of cosmic destiny or that behavior is nothing but a reflex of heredity and environment.” The position of determinism is that every event is the necessary outcome of a cause or set of causes. That everything is a consequence of external forces, and such forces produce all that happens. Man is not free. If we accept the determinist argument and assume human behavior as ....